A silt fence works primarily by ponding water rather than acting as a pure filtration sieve. When stormwater runoff hits the fabric, the material slows down the velocity of the water, causing it to pool on the uphill side. This pooling effect creates a temporary settling basin where the water loses energy, allowing heavier soil particles and sediment to settle out of suspension onto the ground. While some water does filter through the porous fabric over time, the main mechanism of sediment control is this gravity-settling process.
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